HTML University

Science Dept.

Chemistry CHE 100 Notes
C. Matter, Atoms, Elements, Compounds

1. States or Phases of Matter: Solid...Liquid...Gas

2. Types of Matter
   1. Heterogenous Matter: Not uniform in composition.

   2. Homogeneous Matter: Uniform in composition throughout.
      1. Pure Substance: has definite and constant composition and properties.

      2. Homgeneous Mixtures: Solutions
         1. gases dissolved in gases
         2. gases dissolved in liquids
         3. liquids dissolved in liquids
         4. solids dissolved in liquids
         5. liquids dissolved in solids
         6. solids dissolved in solids

3. Elements
   1. A pure homogeneous substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances through ordinary chemical means

   2. A collection of similar atoms

4. Coumpounds
   1. A pure homogeneous substance that can be broken down into simpler substances through ordinary chemical means

   2. Two or more atoms held together via a chemical bond
      1. for example: water, H₂O

      2. for example: common table salt, NaCl

5. Properties of Pure Substances
   1. Physical: can be observed with out change

   2. Chemical: can be observed with change

6. Mass and Energy
   1. Energy:
      1. Kinetic: motion

      2. Potential: position in space

   2. Law of Conservation of Matter

   3. Law of Conservation of Energy

   4. E = mc²

   5. Law of Conservation of Mass - Energy

7. Nature of Compounds: formula written as formula units or molecules
   1. Ionic: as formula units

   2. Covalent: formula describes molecule

8. Law of Definite Proportions or Constant Composition
   1. Whether by atom

   2. Whether by mass or weight

9. The Periodic Table of the Elements
   1. Physical and Chemical Properties of Metals (on left)

   2. Physical and Chemical Properties of Non-Metals (on right)

   3. Physical and Chemical Properties of Noble Gases (on extreme right)

10. How About a Quick Quiz?